Revealed in Madinah, Surah Al-Hashr (The Exile) chronicles the exile of the hostile Jewish tribe of Banu Nadir from Madinah due to their treachery. It outlines the rules for distributing state resources (Fay) and praises the selflessness of the Ansar (Helpers) who shared their homes with the Muhajirun (Emigrants). The chapter ends with a powerful depiction of the Quran's weight—stating that a mountain would crumble in awe if the Quran were sent down upon it—and lists the beautiful names of God.
Transliteration
Sabbaha lillahi ma fee alssamawati wama fee alardi wahuwa alAAazeezu alhakeemu
Translation
Glorifying God is all that exists in the heavens and the earth. He is the Almighty, the Most Wise
Transliteration
Huwa allathee akhraja allatheena kafaroo min ahli alkitabi min diyarihim liawwali alhashri ma thanantum an yakhrujoo wathannoo annahum maniAAatuhum husoonuhum mina Allahi faatahumu Allahu min haythu lam yahtasiboo waqathafa fee quloobihimu alrruAAba yukhriboona buyootahum biaydeehim waaydee almumineena faiAAtabiroo ya olee alabsari
Translation
It is He who evicted those who disbelieved among the People of the Book from their homes at the first mobilization. You did not think they would leave, and they thought their fortresses would protect them from God. But God came at them from where they never expected, and threw terror into their hearts. They wrecked their homes with their own hands, and by the hands of the believers. Therefore, take a lesson, O you who have insight
Ibn Abbas called Surah Al-Hashr 'Surat Bani an-Nadir.' It chronicles the expulsion of the Banu Nadir tribe from Medina in 4 AH after their leadership breached their mutual non-aggression pact and attempted to assassinate the Prophet ﷺ by dropping a boulder on him from a fortress wall. They surrendered and dismantled their own houses to salvage wooden doors and lintels before departing.
Transliteration
Walawla an kataba Allahu AAalayhimu aljalaa laAAaththabahum fee alddunya walahum fee alakhirati AAathabu alnnari
Translation
Had God not decreed exile for them, He would have punished them in this life. But in the Hereafter they will have the punishment of the Fire
Transliteration
Thalika biannahum shaqqoo Allaha warasoolahu waman yushaqqi Allaha fainna Allaha shadeedu alAAiqabi
Translation
That is because they opposed God and His Messenger. Whoever opposes God—God is stern in retribution
Transliteration
Ma qataAAtum min leenatin aw taraktumooha qaimatan AAala osooliha fabiithni Allahi waliyukhziya alfasiqeena
Translation
Whether you cut down a tree, or leave it standing on its trunk, it is by God’s will. He will surely disgrace the sinners
During the siege of Banu Nadir, Muslims cut down certain non-fruit-bearing palm trees to encourage surrender. Opponents accused the Prophet ﷺ of environmental destruction. This verse clarified that tactical agricultural actions during military operations, when authorized, were permissible to dismantle military infrastructure.
Transliteration
Wama afaa Allahu AAala rasoolihi minhum fama awjaftum AAalayhi min khaylin wala rikabin walakinna Allaha yusallitu rusulahu AAala man yashao waAllahu AAala kulli shayin qadeerun
Translation
Whatever God has bestowed upon His Messenger from them; you spurred neither horse nor camel for them, but God gives authority to His messengers over whomever He will. God is Able to do all things
Transliteration
Ma afaa Allahu AAala rasoolihi min ahli alqura falillahi walilrrasooli walithee alqurba waalyatama waalmasakeeni waibni alssabeeli kay la yakoona doolatan bayna alaghniyai minkum wama atakumu alrrasoolu fakhuthoohu wama nahakum AAanhu faintahoo waittaqoo Allaha inna Allaha shadeedu alAAiqabi
Translation
Whatever God restored to His Messenger from the inhabitants of the villages belongs to God, and to the Messenger, and to the relatives, and to the orphans, and to the poor, and to the wayfarer; so that it may not circulate solely between the wealthy among you. Whatever the Messenger gives you, accept it; and whatever he forbids you, abstain from it. And fear God. God is severe in punishment
The bedrock economic principle of Islamic social justice: defines the rules of state revenue ('Fay''), mandating that public resources and capital must be distributed to the poor, orphans, and public welfare 'so that wealth does not circulate solely among the rich among you' ('Kay la yakuna dulatan bayna al-aghniya').
Transliteration
Lilfuqarai almuhajireena allatheena okhrijoo min diyarihim waamwalihim yabtaghoona fadlan mina Allahi waridwanan wayansuroona Allaha warasoolahu olaika humu alssadiqoona
Translation
To the poor refugees who were driven out of their homes and their possessions, as they sought the favor of God and His approval, and came to the aid of God and His Messenger. These are the sincere
Praises the destitute Emigrants (Muhajirun) who sacrificed all personal properties, homes, and businesses in Mecca to seek God's pleasure, arriving in Medina with nothing but their faith.
Transliteration
Waallatheena tabawwaoo alddara waaleemana min qablihim yuhibboona man hajara ilayhim wala yajidoona fee sudoorihim hajatan mimma ootoo wayuthiroona AAala anfusihim walaw kana bihim khasasatun waman yooqa shuhha nafsihi faolaika humu almuflihoona
Translation
And those who, before them, had settled in the homeland, and had accepted faith. They love those who emigrated to them, and find no hesitation in their hearts in helping them. They give them priority over themselves, even if they themselves are needy. Whoever is protected from his natural greed—it is they who are the successful
An immortal scriptural tribute to the Medinan Helpers (Ansar): celebrates their boundless altruism ('I'thar'), actively sharing their homes, businesses, and food with the arriving refugees, prioritizing the needs of their guests even when living in deep personal poverty.
Transliteration
Waallatheena jaoo min baAAdihim yaqooloona rabbana ighfir lana waliikhwanina allatheena sabaqoona bialeemani wala tajAAal fee quloobina ghillan lillatheena amanoo rabbana innaka raoofun raheemun
Translation
And those who came after them, saying, “Our Lord, forgive us, and our brethren who preceded us in faith, and leave no malice in our hearts towards those who believe. Our Lord, You are Clement and Merciful.”
The universal prayer for all future generations of Muslims: teaches believers to pray for the forgiveness of those faithful predecessors who came before them and to ask God to purify their hearts from any jealousy, bitterness, or sectarian hatred toward fellow believers.
Transliteration
Alam tara ila allatheena nafaqoo yaqooloona liikhwanihimu allatheena kafaroo min ahli alkitabi lain okhrijtum lanakhrujanna maAAakum wala nuteeAAu feekum ahadan abadan wain qootiltum lanansurannakum waAllahu yashhadu innahum lakathiboona
Translation
Have you not considered those who act hypocritically? They say to their brethren who disbelieved among the People of the Book, “If you are evicted, we will leave with you, and will not obey anyone against you; and should anyone fight you, we will certainly support you.” But God bears witness that they are liars
Transliteration
Lain okhrijoo la yakhrujoona maAAahum walain qootiloo la yansuroonahum walain nasaroohum layuwallunna aladbara thumma la yunsaroona
Translation
If they are evicted, they will not leave with them; and if anyone fights them, they will not support them; and if they go to their aid, they will turn their backs and flee; then they will receive no support
Transliteration
Laantum ashaddu rahbatan fee sudoorihim mina Allahi thalika biannahum qawmun la yafqahoona
Translation
Fear of you is more intense in their hearts than fear of God. That is because they are a people who do not understand
Transliteration
La yuqatiloonakum jameeAAan illa fee quran muhassanatin aw min warai judurin basuhum baynahum shadeedun tahsabuhum jameeAAan waquloobuhum shatta thalika biannahum qawmun la yaAAqiloona
Translation
They will not fight you all together except from fortified strongholds, or from behind walls. Their hostility towards each other is severe. You would think they are united, but their hearts are diverse. That is because they are a people who do not understand
A sharp sociopolitical diagnosis of hypocritical alliances: outwardly they appear unified in conferences and slogans, but internally their hearts are deeply fractured and divided by competing egos ('Tahsabuhum jami'an wa-qulubuhum shatta').
Transliteration
Kamathali allatheena min qablihim qareeban thaqoo wabala amrihim walahum AAathabun aleemun
Translation
Like those shortly before them. They experienced the consequences of their decisions. For them is a painful punishment
Transliteration
Kamathali alshshaytani ith qala lilinsani okfur falamma kafara qala innee bareeon minka innee akhafu Allaha rabba alAAalameena
Translation
Like the devil, when he says to the human being, “Disbelieve.” But when he has disbelieved, he says, “I am innocent of you; I fear God, the Lord of the Worlds.”
Compares the betrayal of hypocrites to Satan's deception: Satan whispers to humans to commit evil and disbelieve, but as soon as consequences unfold, he immediately abandons them, claiming innocence.
Transliteration
Fakana AAaqibatahuma annahuma fee alnnari khalidayni feeha wathalika jazao alththalimeena
Translation
The ultimate end for both of them is the Fire, where they will dwell forever. Such is the requital for the wrongdoers
Transliteration
Ya ayyuha allatheena amanoo ittaqoo Allaha waltanthur nafsun ma qaddamat lighadin waittaqoo Allaha inna Allaha khabeerun bima taAAmaloona
Translation
O you who believe! Fear God, and let every soul consider what it has forwarded for the morrow, and fear God. God is Aware of what you do
Transliteration
Wala takoonoo kaallatheena nasoo Allaha faansahum anfusahum olaika humu alfasiqoona
Translation
And do not be like those who forgot God, so He made them forget themselves. These are the sinners
Transliteration
La yastawee ashabu alnnari waashabu aljannati ashabu aljannati humu alfaizoona
Translation
Not equal are the inhabitants of the Fire and the inhabitants of Paradise. It is the inhabitants of Paradise who are the winners
Transliteration
Law anzalna hatha alqurana AAala jabalin laraaytahu khashiAAan mutasaddiAAan min khashyati Allahi watilka alamthalu nadribuha lilnnasi laAAallahum yatafakkaroona
Translation
Had We sent this Quran down on a mountain, you would have seen it trembling, crumbling in awe of God. These parables We cite for the people, so that they may reflect
Conveys the staggering spiritual weight of the Quran: if this revelation had been sent down upon a colossal granite mountain, its immense rocks would have shattered and crumbled in reverent awe of God's majesty.
Transliteration
Huwa Allahu allathee la ilaha illa huwa AAalimu alghaybi waalshshahadati huwa alrrahmanu alrraheemu
Translation
He is God. There is no god but He, the Knower of secrets and declarations. He is the Compassionate, the Merciful
Transliteration
Huwa Allahu allathee la ilaha illa huwa almaliku alquddoosu alssalamu almuminu almuhayminu alAAazeezu aljabbaru almutakabbiru subhana Allahi AAamma yushrikoona
Translation
He is God; besides Whom there is no god; the Sovereign, the Holy, the Peace-Giver, the Faith-Giver, the Overseer, the Almighty, the Omnipotent, the Overwhelming. Glory be to God, beyond what they associate
Inaugurates the magnificent closing litany of Divine Names: 'Al-Malik' (The Sovereign), 'Al-Quddus' (The Pure and Holy), 'As-Salam' (The Source of Peace), 'Al-Mu'min' (The Granter of Security), 'Al-Muhaymin' (The Guardian), 'Al-'Aziz' (The Almighty), 'Al-Jabbar' (The Compeller/Restorer), and 'Al-Mutakabbir' (The Supreme).
Transliteration
Huwa Allahu alkhaliqu albario almusawwiru lahu alasmao alhusna yusabbihu lahu ma fee alssamawati waalardi wahuwa alAAazeezu alhakeemu
Translation
He is God; the Creator, the Maker, the Designer. His are the Most Beautiful Names. Whatever is in the heavens and the earth glorifies Him. He is the Majestic, the Wise
Concludes the litany of divine artistic creation: 'Al-Khaliq' (The Creator who designs), 'Al-Bari' (The Maker who brings into physical existence), and 'Al-Musawwir' (The Fashioner who shapes unique appearances and identities).